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Monday, June 10, 2013

Chemistry Units and Ratios, Part 1

Greetings,

Chemistry is a physical science and therefore many measurements are taken.  A measurement always consists of 1) a number (indicates magnitude and precision), 2) a unit (indicates "size" for a measurement of  "1"), and 3) *identity of what is being measured.

*Note - Sometimes the identity of what is being measured is not fully known; as in the case of instrumental structure determinations for organic compound synthesis.

A ratio is a fraction containing measurements.  This amounts to a comparison between the numerator measurement and the denominator measurement: A word used to compare units, as in a ratio, is "relative".  For example , the standard molar volume for any ideal gas is 22.414 liters (L) relative to 1 mole of the gas.  Very often, ratios are used for dimensional analysis: a commonly used chemistry example is converting mass of a compound to moles using molar mass, as shown below.


All chemistry measurements consist of and are derived from five (5) fundamental units.  These fundamental units (and many derived units) are designed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and known as the International System of Units.  A graphical summary is provided below:


My next posting will expand on the concepts introduced here.
Thank you for Reading!




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